Fluid-operated percussive drill.



Patented Oct. 7, 1919.

FLUID OPERATED PERCUSSIVE DRILL.

V. HMGHT,

APPLICATION FILED APR. 24; {938.'

- upon, for cleansing purposes. v The object of the present invention is to spirally fluted portion 6 of the piston which fflji' put f operation, -tive uid inlet of the drill (not shown) tool comprises a cylinder '1, a back head porfrom the port 93 bymeans of the. shin r ,tion 2 ends front head portion 3. Between passage 25, whereby it also exerts p're in the ar UNITED STATES 'rAr r orrrcn,

I-L my mnnrenh, or SHERBROOKE, ennnno, cnnn'n's, nssrenon r0 INennsoLL-nANn COMPANY, or JERSEY crrr, NEW JERSEY, A conronnrron' or NEW JERSEY.

FLUID-OPERATED PERCUSSIVE DRILL.

1 317 874 Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Obi]. 7, 1919.

Application filed April 24, 1913. Serial No. 230,563. To all whom it may concern: is provided with straight flutes 7 which en- Be it known that I, HARRY V, HAIeH'r, a gage the internally fluted surface of a rotasubject' of the Crown of Great Brita1n,re table sleeve or chuck 8 in the front head 3,

siding at Sherbrooke, in the Province of the rotative movement of the piston being Quebec, Dominion of Canada, have invented 'by this means communicated to the chuck' 8. a certain new and useful, Improvement in Thevchuck 8 carries a drill steel 9, secured Fluid Operated Percussive Drills, of which so that it-will rotate with the piston as above the following is a specification. described. r This invention relates to fluid operated It will be seen that thepiston 5 is provided percussive drills, and more particularly to with a central portion 10. of'comparatively drills of this type which employ hollow large diameter sliding in a bore'fll in the drill steels andare arranged to divert a porcylinder, and end portions 12 and 1?, respection of the operating fluid, either with, or tii'ely, sliding in bores 14 and 15 at the forwithout the-addition of a liquid, through the ward and rearward ends of the cylinderfindrill and drill" steel to the surface operated spcctively, there being a neck portion 43 between the piston portions 10 and 13.. The

provide means within the. drill whereby the engages the rotating ratchet is of still less supply of cleansing fluid which is conductdiameter than the rearward piston portion ed through the tool may be readily aug- 13, and projects into a bore 16 in the back merited when desired by the addition of a head 2. relatively large portion of fluid which nor- The reciprocatory movement of the pismally would be used in the operation of the ton 5 isefl'ected by motive fluid which enters drill, the drill, when the supply of cleansing the cylinder of the drill through an'admis: fluid is augmented, being partly or wholly sion port 17, in communication with the inc '80 With the above object in view, and others The entering fluid will'exert a constant preswhich will be laterset forth, I have devised sure at all times upon the end surface 18 of the improvements described in the following the piston which will tend to move the pisspecification and illustrated in the accom-- ton in a forward direction. A portion of panying drawings. this fluid is conveyed through a conduit 19 In the drawings annexed hereto and and. annular passage 20 in the back head, forming a part hereof, Y v tl irough a passage 21 in the rotating mecha- Figure 1 represents a' longitudinal secnism 4, and into a. further annular passage tional view of a machine embodying my in- 22 1 n the end of the cylinder 1, wherefrom vention, and e 1t 1s conveyed by means of the 'port 23 and Fig. 2, an enlarged diagrammatic secannular passage 24' in the cylinder bore 15, tional view of the mechanism for augment t0 the cy i bore 15 itself, and t. the ing the fluid fiow through the tool, with the neck l3, where it will exert pressure ilpon parts in operative position. a e the rearward suriace of the large diameter- I have shown my novel means for increasportion 10 of the piston, to contribute to f ing the cleansing fluid-flow in connection ward the forward movement of the piston with a valveless fluid operated percussive The motive flu d will also have access to 'the tool of the differential piston'type This rearward portion of the cylinder 15;:

theback' head and cylinder is, provided it upon the flanged'surface 3i of the'sini er pawl and ratchet mechanism 4 for the purdlameter piston portlonl f'- 1 i pose of efiecti ng, the rotation of the piston 5, 711611 h pis on-5 nits, f0 W rd tlmfel,

which pi'stonh 'reciprocates in the cylinder propelled by the motive flhid pressure on.

1, the rotationfbeing accomplished by means the rearward surfaces 18 andgf'of thef-end of the engagement of the spirally fluted porp ltlon 13 and the rearward surface ofgthe tion (i-of'the piston with the ratchet mecha- Central portion 10, reaches a point v nism 4, iga manner which is well known the piston portion 13 closest-he annular ll The opposite end of the piston sage 24 at the end of the print 23, thernotive 8 55 back head bore 16 and traveling through the piston to the chamber 33 in the drill chuck fluid conveyed through this port will cease to be supplied to the -rearward surface of the piston portion 10, the fluid in the bore 11 continuing to act, .by expansion, until the exhaust 26 is reached, the full pressure, however, remaining effective upon the surfaces '31 and 18. This condition will obtain with respect to the bore 15 until the piston reaches V a point where the passage 27 in the cylinder is uncovered by the piston portion 13, when the fluid pressure entering the cylinder bore "15 through the passage 25 will travel through passage 27 and conduit 28 to the forward end of the cylinder bore 11, where, encountering the forward surface of the large diameter piston portion. 10,, which is of greater area thani'the combined areas of theendi surfaces 18 a-hdfil of the piston rea ceiving constant'jpressure, it will act to over- 20 surfacesl8 and 31 and return the piston to comethepr'essure on the aforesaid piston its rearward osition, this flow to the forward end of t e piston continuing until the piston on its return movement again closes the passage 27, when the liuid in the forward end of the bore'll will act expansively upon the forward surface ofthe piston portion 10 I until the exhaust26 is uncovered, when the piston will again be in position to receivepressure upon'the surfaces 18 and 31, and v the rearward end of tliepiston portion 10' I for the commencement of another stroke.

It will thus be seen that the piston is moved forwardly by constant pressure upon (F. M. Slater.

For the purpose of directing the cleansing fluid through the drill, the piston 5 is provided with a central longitudinal bore 29 which communicates with a similar bore 30 i in the drill steel, 9. The end of the bore 29 adjacenp to the piston end surface 18 is chambered to a' somewhat larger tapering diameter, the air entering this chambered portion 32 from the constantly supplied 8 adjacent to the head of the drill steel 9.

In drills of this type it is generally desirture of motive'fiuid with a liquid, such as water, and to'provide for the necessary liquid flow, a'water'tube 34: is secured in the back head 2 projecting into the cylinder of the .drill and'into the chamber 32 'andbor'e 29 in the piston, this water tube being of a diameter slightly less than the piston bore 29, so that the piston surrounding it has free movement therealong. Water or other liquid is supplied to the water tube 34: from a water inlet 35 in the back' head 2, the liquid being conveyed through a passage 36 and thenceto the head 37 of the tube, The "end of the tube adjacent to the head 37 is provided with a suitable packingto prevent the ingress of water to the bore 16, and a.

screw plug 38 threaded into the end of the back head over the end of the Water tube, serves to close off the flow of water through the tube when desired.

Should it be desired to make up the tool as a-dry tool, that is, one not being provided with a water tube, the part 3% may be made solid instead of hollow, and, by means of the screw 38, may be advanced or retracted within the tool to vary the amount 'of air provided forcleansing purposes. This regulation of the cleansing air supply is accomplished byselecting a suitable diameter for the part 34 so that when the piston 5 is in the rear part of the cylinder the part 3& fits closely the restricted diameter of the hole extending through the piston and allows aiit .to pass through the piston only when itis iii the forward portion of its stroke, the length of time during which air can pass being controlled by means of advancing and re tracting the part 34: to'cut oil tlie'supply at' an earlier'point in the rearward stroke.

The chamber 33 in the chuck 8 serves to facilitate a constant flow of motive fluid 'or motive fluid and liquid combined, irres'pective of the reciprocation of the piston. Thus,

it will be seen that a constant'flow of the cleansing agent will be maintained during the operation of the drill,

However, it is frequently desirable to increase the fiow of motive fluid through the drill steel, either with or without a cone spending increase in the liquid flow, andto accomplish this I providefor the addition of a relatively large'portion of the motive fluid normally used in the operation of the drill. This is done by checking the flow of motive fluid normally intermittently conveyed through the conduit 28 to return the piston to its rearward position, and through the port 23 to act on the rearward faceof the large diametervpiston portion, so'that the fluid will, instead, pass into the piston bore 29 and through the drill steel 9.

l? r checking the flow of fluid through the conduit 28, for the purposa 'and in the manner, just described, I provide in the con able that the cleansing agent be an admixg duit 28 a manually operable plunger wire, which is arranged to close the passe'gefl'l' through which the motiyegtiuideiiters' the v ortion it diiicaliqwail the tool to the outside thereof. The valveplunger 40, which will render the valve operative to prevent the flow of any motive fluid beyond the passage 27. If desired, a separate cam lever may be set in the cylinder wall 1 to engage thevalve plunger portion 40 for securing a more positive and facile operation thereof. v

Meanwhile, the constant pressure of the motive fluid will still be efl'ective upon the end 18 of the piston, and this will maintain the piston in its forward position so that the forward end of the piston will remain in engagement with the drill. steel 9. The advantage of this is that the resultant increased flow of fluid through the piston will find ready and immediate access to the bore of thedrill steel, so that the danger of leakage of water past the endof the piston and into the forward bore 11 of the drill and consequent deleterious effects upon the drill parts and operation of the tool, will be eliminated.

Itis believed that the construction and operation of my improved device will be clear from the above description, and it is to be understpod that while the present showing and description illustrates only one specific embodiment ofthis invention, other formsand modifications are included within the spirit and scope of the same, as-expressed m the claims appended hereto.

. What I claim is: I

1. In a fluid operated percussive tool, a piston, means for conveying motive fluid therethrough, said piston having a large surface area for driving it in one direction, a portion of which is supplied with constant motive fluid pressure, and a smaller surface area supplied with intermittent pressure for driving it in the other direction, and means for checking said intermittent pressure supply whereby it enters the piston to augment the flow of motive fluid therethrough.

2. In a fluid operated percussive tool, a piston, means for conveying motive fluid therethrough, said piston having alarge surrendering the same lneifective whereby said face area for driving it in one direction, a portion of which is supplied with constant motive fluid pressure and a smaller surface area supplied with intermittent pressure and manually 0 for driving it in the opposite direction, and

manually controlled means for checking said intermittent pressure-supply whereby it enters the piston to augment the flow of motive fluid therethroug I 3.In a fluid operated percussive tool, a

iston means for conve 111 motive fluid P 7 a Y therethrough, conduit means for supplying motive fluid at constant pressure to a portion of its rear surface area to operate said piston in one direction, conduit means for intermittently conveying motive]; uidto operate said piston in the opposed c direction, and means for renderin said s means inelfective' where y the fluid normally traversing said second conduit means enters the piston to augment the flow of fluid therethrough.

4. In a fluid operated percussive tool, a piston, means for conveying motive fluid therethrough, conduit means for supplying motive fluid at constant pressure to a portion of its rear surface area to operate said piston in one direction, conduit means for intermittently conveying motive fluid to operate said piston in the opposite direction, erated means for rendering said second con uit means ineflectii'e wherecond conduit by the fluid normally traversing said second conduit means enters the piston to augment the flow of fluid therethrougl'i.

5. In a valveless fluid operated percussive tool, piston, means for conveying motive fluid therethrough, means for conveying fluid to opposite ends of said piston to operate the same, and means for checking the supply of fluid to one of said ends whereby the motive fluid remains eflective'upon the opposite end, the checked fluid entering the piston to augment the normal flow therethrough. i I j 6. In a valveless fluid operated percussive tool, a piston, means for conveying motive fluid therethrough, means for conveying fluid to opposite ends of said piston to operate the same, and manually controlled means for checking the supply of fluid to one of said ends whereby the motive fluid remains effective upon the opposite end, the checked fluid entering the piston to augment the normal flow therethrough.

7. In a fluid operated percussive tool, a

differential piston, means for conveying motive fluid therethrough, means for supplying motive fluid at constant pressure to a portion of the surface said piston in one direction, a conduit for conveying motive fluid to operate said piston in the opposite direction, the said conduit being-effective during a portion of the stroke of said piston, and means in said conduit for constant pressure means remain operative and the supply of fluid normally traversing sai conduit is directed through the piston to augment the flow of fluid therethrough.

8, In a fluid operated percussive tool, a difi'erentiaLpiston, tive fluid' therethrough, means for supplying motive fluid at constant prnsure' toa' portion of the surface area, of one end to operate said piston in one direction, a conduit area of one end to operate for conveying motive fluid to operate said piston in the opposite direction, the said conduit being effective during aportion of the stroke ot said piston, and manually operated means in said conduit for rendering the same ineffective whereby said constant pressure mea-nsremain operative andthc supply of fluid normally traversing said conduit is directed through the piston to augment the flow of fluid therethrough.

9. In a fluid operated percussive tool, a differential piston, means for conveying motive fluid therethrouglnmeans for supplying motive fluid to operate saidv piston m one direction, a conduit for conveying motive fluid to operate said piston in the opposite direction, the said conduit being effective during a portion ofthe stroke of said piston, and means in said conduit for rendering the same ineffective whereby said first named means remain operative and the supplypf fluid normally traversing said conduit is directed through the piston to augment the flow of fluid therethrough.

10. In a fluid operated percussive tool, a difl'erential piston, means for conveying motive fluid therethrough, means for supplying motive fluidto operate said piston in onc direction, a conduit for conveying motive fluid to operate said piston in the opposite direction, the said conduit being effective duringa portion of the stroke of said piston, and manually controlled means in said piston whereby no. t f {p jsure flow through the piston where piston; remains in its forward position and, v

traversing said conduit for rendering the same ineffective whereby said first named means remain operative and the supply of fluid normally conduit. is directed through the piston to -augment the flow of fluid there: through.

11- In a differential piston, means for conveying motive fluid therethrough, the said piston being actuated by vconstant pressure upon a portion of the surface area of one end on its operative strokeand by intermittent pressure on its return stroke, and means. for preventing said return stroke, and directing said intermittent-pressure flow through the the piston remains in its for- Ward position and the flow offluidthere through is augmented.

12. In a fluid operated percussive; tool, a differential piston, means. for conveying mothe said piston being actuated onion; of. the

sure on itsreturn stroke, and manuallycontrolled n-ieai'is' for preventing said return stroke and directing said intermittent presby the flow of fluid'therethrough is augmented. 13: Inafluid, operated percus slve tool, a

,fji'ston, means for conveying motive fluid fluid operated percussive tool, a v

I r therethrough, said piston being operated by a constant motive fluid pressure supply upon aportion of the surface area of one end on, its operative stroke and byan intermittent pressure supply on its return stroke, and means for checking said intermittent res sure supply whereby the checked fluid err-*- tcrs the piston to a n the flow P l tive fluid 'therethroug 14. In a fluidoperated percussive tool a r piston, means for conveying motive fluid theret'hrough, said piston being operated by its operative stroke'and by an intermittent pressure supply on its return" stroke, and manually operated means for checking said intermittent pressure supply whereby the checked fluid enters the piston to augment the flow of motive fluid therethrough.

15. In a fluid operated percussive tool, a

' a constant motive fluid pressure supply upon a portlon of the surface areaof one'end on I a piston, means for conveylng motive fluid therethrough, conduit means for supplying i'notive fluid at constant pressure to a portion of the surface area of one end to operate said piston on its Working stroke, conduit means for intermittently conveying motive fluid to operate said piston on its return stroke, and means for'rendering said second conduit means ineflective whereby the fluid norm-ally traversing said second conduit means enters the piston to augment the normal flow of fluid therethrough.

16. In a fluid operated percussive tool, a piston, means for conveying motivefluid therethrough, conduit means for supplying motive fluid at constant pressure to a portion of the surface area of one end to operate said piston on its working stroke, con duit means for intermittently conveying motive fluid to operate said piston on its return stroke, and manually controlled means for rendering. said second conduit means ineife'ctive whereby the fluid normally traversing said second conduit means enters the piston to augment the normal flow offluid therethrough.

17.. In a fluid operated percussive tool, a differential piston, means for conveying motive fluid the'rethrough, means for, supplying motive fluid at constant pressure to a portion of the surface area of one end to operate said pistonon its 'vvorking'stroke, a conduit for conveying mot ve fluid to operate said piston on its return stroke, the said conduit.

being eflective during a portion of the stroke 1 of said piston, and means in saidconduit for rendering the same ineflectivef' whereby" said constant ressure means remain opera tive and the uidnormally traversing said cnduit enters the piston to augment the normal flow of fluid 'therethroug- 1 18. In afluid operated percussive tool, a differential piston, means 91; conveying inotive fluid therethrough, means for supp, ying inotive fluid at constant' pressure to a portion of the effective surface of one vend to I operate said piston on its working stroke,

'a conduit for conveying motive fluid to op-' I erate said piston onrits return stroke, the

said cond'uit being efiective duringja portion of the stroke of said piston, and manually controlled means in said conduit for rendering the same ineffective whereby said constant pressure means remain operative .and the fiuid'normally traversing said.conduit enters the iston to augment the nor- I mal flow of flui therethrough.

19. In a fluid -operated PBI'OHSSIVQiOOl, no

differential piston, means for conveying motive fluid'therethr'ough, means for supplying motive fluid to operate said piston on "its working stroke,- a conduit for conveying motive fiuid to operate said piston on its return stroke, the said conduit being eifective during a portion of the reciprocation of said iston and means in sald conduit for. renderp 7 ing' the same ineffective wherebysaid first tive'fiuid therethrough, means fdr' l i 3Q a v fillidsto operate said pistonon its working stroke, a conduit for conveying, motive fluid to operate said piston on its 7 return-stroke, the said conduit being efi'ec- 'tive durlng a portionof the reciprocation 35 of said piston, and manually controlled 1 means in. said conduit for rendering the sameineffective .vvl-rereby said first named i means remain operative and the fluid. nor? mally traversing said conduit nters'thel therethrough In testlmony set my hand.

Q I have-hereunto ii I Hm? HAI HTLJ I 7 

